In our Torah portion this week (i.e., parashat Bo) we are commanded to retell “in the hearing of your son and your grandson” how the LORD overthrew the arrogance of the Egyptians and performed wonders to deliver us” (Exod. 10:2). This commandment is the basis of the Passover haggadah (i.e., הַגָּדָה, “telling”), the “oral tradition” of our faith, when we personally retell the story from generation to generation so that the spirit of the message is not lost. We participate in the Passover seder to make it “our own story,” a part of who we are. Therefore b’khol-dor vador: “Every Jew must consider himself to have been personally redeemed from Egypt.” Retelling the story of the exodus enables us to “know that I am the LORD” (Exod. 10:2). We recall the words, bishvili nivra ha’olam – “For my sake was this world created,” while we also recall the words, anokhi afar ve’efer – “I am but dust and ashes.” When we retell the story of the great redemption, we strengthen our faith and better know the LORD our Savior.
Category: Torah Study
Selected verses from the Torah for Hebrew study
Redemption and Holiness…
In our Torah portion for this week (i.e., parashat Bo) we revisit the institution of the Passover sacrifice and the deliverance of the Israelites from their bondage in Egypt. Later in the Torah we read God’s reason for the redemption: “For I am the LORD who brought you up out of the land of Egypt to be your God. You shall be holy, for I am holy” (Lev. 11:45). Because we are God’s people, his redeemed children, we are made holy, just as God is holy (1 Pet. 1:15-16). Holiness, however, is not a matter of what you do (such as wrapping yourself in religious rituals) but instead is a matter of what you “allow” to happen: You let go and allow yourself to be rescued and taken up from the “depths of Egypt” to be with God. Holiness is something you receive by faith; it is a gift of being “set apart” to be sacred and beloved by God. Genuine holiness (i.e., kedushah) is connected with love and grace.
Knowing God’s Name…
You may feel anxious about knowing God, about how to relate to him or how to understand or interpret the Scriptures, though the heart can only know the essential meaning of God in the state of its need, as its ultimate concern, and therefore unless you cry out “from the depths” of your being, you are merely intellectualizing or playing games… After all, the inner heart asks “How can I find God?” “How can I relate to God?” “How can I find hope and life?” but the answers to such questions are found by personal encounter with the reality of the Spirit of God, not by theological rationalizations.
Fighting the Enemy at the Gate…
The Rise of Techno-Fascism….
In light of the ever-creeping “techno-fascism” of the postmodern age, we wonder how long before politically motivated “censorship” will cross boundaries from various social media platforms to any “offensive content” on any publicly accessible website whatsoever… Indeed this is already happening as we see search engine services delivering filtered results (i.e., “shadow-banning”), Internet browsers that label web sites as “unsafe,” various conservative content providers being “defunded,” alternative social media sites being “Parler-ized,” and so on. In light of this incipient tyranny, we note there is a great passage of Scripture whereby we have precedent to make appeal to the LORD God Almighty: “O our God, will you not execute judgment? For we are powerless against this great horde that is coming against us. We do not know what to do, but our eyes are upon you” (2 Chron. 20:12).
Hebrew Lesson:
2 Chron. 20:12b Hebrew reading
Idolatry of Worldly Politics…
People confuse morality with spirituality all the time — and that includes apparently Christian people who mistakenly think that godliness has to do with worldly politics (and supporting certain political characters who assume a moral posture or offer up “conservative” sounding messages). Think again. Yeshua’s kingdom is not of this world, and he was never politically active or involved in the politics of this world (see John 18:36; Luke 17:21). No, his mission was to transform individual hearts through the miracle of regeneration, to call out a people who would surrender their lives to God and to love one another. Judas Iscariot was a “social activist” who wanted to change the fallen world in the name of morality, but we know his end… Being obsessed with worldly politics, fawning over a particular political candidate, believing that a mere man could change the world for God’s sake — all this is sheer idolatry and folly. “Love not the world, neither the things of the world; if any one loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him” (1 John 2:15).
Ever since the time of the defunct “moral majority” of the 1970’s, the so-called “evangelical church” has conflated worldliness with spirituality, resulting in an adulterous blend of muddled pragmatic thinking. One negative consequence of “politicizing” Christianity is that if the preferred political candidate or movement does not succeed in changing society, then Christianity is regarded as a failure, and the message of Yeshua is considered ineffectual. On the contrary, a worthy theology understands that the LORD God is in the heavens and that categorically nothing is beyond His sovereign will and power (Isa. 40:28; Psalm 145:3; 147:5). We are not to be disappointed or “crushed” because a political candidate did not get reelected since we are citizens of heaven and our allegiance is to the King of all kings (Phil. 3:20-21; Col. 3:1-4). We are to “seek first” the kingdom of God and His righteousness (Matt. 6:33). Father Abraham “closed his eyes” to this world in order to behold the heavenly light. Looking to man and his schemes to solve the world’s problems is the essence of idolatry, since only the LORD our God is the Healer and Savior of people. Many people of the church would do well to weep over their misguided affections and ask the LORD for forgiveness for their worldliness and idolatries; many would do well to confess their lack of faith in the LORD and plead with heaven for the miracle of genuine regeneration. Dear friends, “God is the King over all the earth, sing his praise with understanding!” (Psalm 47:7).
Revelation of our Words…
The sages have said, “From a person’s mouth you can tell who they are,” which means that the words we speak reveal the inner condition of the soul and whether the Spirit of God is in control of our thinking or our lower nature… Because we are created in the image of God (i.e., b’tzelem Elohim: בצלם אלוהים), our thoughts express our essential nature, and that is why it is vital to avoid evil thinking, since otherwise we will be brought into darkness and pain. As Yeshua said, “the good person out of the good treasure of his heart produces good, and the evil person out of his evil treasure produces evil, for out of the abundance of the heart his mouth speaks” (Luke 6:45). The Hebrew word for evil (i.e., ra’: רַע) also means sad or “heartbreaking.” We must learn to discipline ourselves to think good thoughts since that brings us before the light and blessing of the Father of Lights (אֲבִי הָאוֹרוֹת) from which every good flows (James 1:17). Wisdom is essential for right thinking, and therefore it is important to guard your mind against alien and godless thoughts (1 Pet. 5:8). We gain wisdom by studying Torah which is called the “Tree of Life” (עֵץ־חַיִּים) and by speaking forth its truth, as it says: “Healing speech is a tree of life, but deceitful speech shatters the spirit” (Prov. 15:4). Knowing the truth of God and the reason for our existence sobers the mind and dispels the ways of folly. Negative character traits are formed by carelessly admitting alien thoughts into the heart. Genuine teshuvah leads to life, wherein the heart returns to the truth and is delivered from the darkness of the lie.
Hebrew Podcast
Psalm 19:14 Hebrew reading:
About the Name of God…
This week’s Torah portion (the first of the Book of Exodus) is called Shemot (שְׁמוֹת, “names”) because it begins with a list of the “names” of the descendants of Jacob who came to dwell in the land of Goshen: וְאֵלֶּה שְׁמוֹת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הַבָּאִים מִצְרָיְמָה / “These are the names of the sons of Israel who came to Egypt” (Exod. 1:1). Now while it’s true that the Torah here lists the various names of the sons of Jacob, this portion of Torah more importantly refers the Names (plural) of the LORD God of Israel Himself.
To see this, let’s consider the central story of this portion of Torah, namely, the commissioning of Moses at the Burning Bush (see Exod. 3:1-20). Note that the Torah states that it was the Angel of the LORD (i.e., Malakh Adonai: מַלְאַךְ יהוה) who appeared to Moses בְּלַבַּת־אֵשׁ מִתּוֹךְ הַסְּנֶה / “in a flame of fire out of the midst of a bush” (Exod. 3:1-2). But then the Torah goes on to say that the LORD (יהוה) saw Moses drawing near to the bush while God (i.e., Elohim: אֱלהִים) called out to him. God (i.e., Elohim) then commanded Moses to remove his sandals and identified Himself as the “God of Abraham (i.e., Elohei Avraham: אֱלהֵי אַבְרָהָם), the God of Isaac (i.e., Elohei Yitzchak: אֱלהֵי יִצְחָק), and the God of Jacob (i.e., velohei Ya’akov: אֱלהֵי יעֲקב).” In this short and dramatic account we have several Names of God presented – the Angel of the LORD, the LORD, God (Elohim), and the “God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob” – all of which refer to the One true God!
Importance of the Exodus…
The exodus from Egypt (יציאת מצרים) is perhaps the most fundamental event of Jewish history; it is “the” miracle of the Torah. In addition to being commemorated every year during Passover (Exod. 12:24-27; Num. 9:2-3; Deut. 16:1), it is explicitly mentioned in the first of the Ten Commandments (Exod. 20:2), and it is recalled every Sabbath (Deut. 5:12-15). The festivals of Shavuot (Pentecost) and Sukkot (Tabernacles) likewise derive from it (the former recalling the giving of the Torah at Sinai and the latter recalling God’s care as the Exodus generation journeyed from Egypt to the Promised Land), as does the Season of Teshuvah (repentance) that culminates in Yom Kippur (the Day of Atonement). Indeed, nearly every commandment of the Torah (including the laws of the Tabernacle and the sacrificial system) may be traced back to the story of the Exodus, and in some ways, the entire Bible is an extended interpretation of its significance. Most important of all, the Exodus both prefigures and exemplifies the work of redemption given through the sacrificial life of Yeshua the Messiah, the true King of the Jews and the blessed Lamb of God.
The deeper meaning of exile concerns blindness of the divine presence. The worst kind of exile is not to know that you are lost, away from home, in need of redemption… That is why Egypt (i.e., Mitzraim) is called metzar yam – a “narrow strait.” Egypt represents bondage and death in this world, and the exodus represents salvation and freedom. God splits the sea and we cross over from death to life. Since Torah represents awareness of God’s truth, Israel was led into a place of difficulty to learn and receive revelation (Gen. 46:1-7). Out of the depths of darkness God’s voice would call his people forth. Likewise we understand our “blessed fault,” the trouble that moves us to cry out for God’s miracle in Yeshua… Indeed the New Testament states that Yeshua “appeared in glory and spoke of his exodus (τὴν ἔξοδον αὐτου) which he would accomplish at Jerusalem” (Luke 9:31).
All-Pervasive Radiance…
Many people go through the day oblivious to the miracle of existence… If you carefully consider even the most common of things, however, such as a piece of bread, for instance, you will soon realize that it represents a series of causes leading back to transcendental power, and finally, to the Creator and Sustainer of all things. A piece of bread comes from flour, which is milled from seed grown in topsoil through an amazing synthesis of light, air, minerals, and water. However, photosynthesis is a secondary effect of more fundamental forces such as the energy of the sun, the elements of earth, water, and atmosphere, the pull of gravity, and the marvelous inner “form” or intelligence of the seed itself… The “germination” of a seed is really quite miraculous, replicating the body and energy of a plant in miniature form (“this acorn I hold in my hand contains a thousand oak trees”). My point here is simple. Life is full of mysteries, though we can suppress consciousness of its wonders by means of ingratitude for our existence. God is never silent, however, since “The heavens declare the glory of God; the sky above proclaims the work of his hands; Day to day pours out speech; night to night reveals His knowledge” (Psalm 19:1-2).
Man of our Sorrows…
The Lord had compassion for his people as they were suffering in Egypt. The LORD told Moses, “I have surely seen the affliction of my people who are in Egypt and have heard their cry… I know their sorrows” (Exod. 3:7). The grammar here is intense: “seeing I have seen” (רָאה רָאִיתִי). Understand, then, that God surely sees your struggles, friend. Second, know that God heeds the outcry (צְעָקָה) of your heart, and indeed, he interprets your groaning as if it were for the sake of serving him. Your heart’s cry is transformed by grace to be the cry for God himself, for relationship with Him: “The cry of the people has come to me,” he again told Moses (Exod 3:9), which means all the sufferings, the wrongs, the hopes, the fears, the groans, the despair, the prayers, were present before him, as if he counted every word and sigh. Third, realize that God knows your sorrows; he gathers all your tears into his bottle (Psalm 56:8). The word translated “sorrows” (מַכְאב) is the same used to describe the “Man of sorrows” (אישׁ מַכְאבוֹת), Yeshua our Suffering Servant, who gave up his life to deliver you from darkness, sorrow, and fear (Isa. 53:3-5).