The Shepherd’s Call…

A message of teshuvah from our Lord: “What do you think? If a man has a hundred sheep, and one of them has gone astray, does he not leave the ninety-nine on the mountains and go in search of the one that went astray? And if he finds it, truly, I say to you, he rejoices over it more than over the ninety-nine that never went astray” (Matt. 18:12-13). Though it involves sorrow, and the pain of being lost, repentance is ultimately about finding joy, and when we return to God, we have reason to rejoice. The Good Shepherd says, “Rejoice with me, for I have found my sheep that was lost. Just so, I tell you, there will be more joy in heaven over one sinner who repents than over ninety-nine righteous persons who need no repentance” (Luke 15:6-7). The Son of Man came to seek and to save the lost: “For thus says the Lord GOD: Behold, I myself will search for my sheep and I will seek them out… I myself will be the Shepherd of my sheep, and I myself will make them lie down, declares the Lord GOD. I will seek the lost, and I will bring back the banished, and I will bind up the injured, and I will strengthen the sick…” (Ezek. 34:11,15-16).

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Destiny of the Soul…

The Scriptures define “man” as the creation of God, a union of body and soul, that is, a unity of physical and spiritual elements, as it is written: “Then the LORD God formed the man from the dust of the ground (adamah: אֲדָמָה) and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life (nishmat chayim: נִשְׁמַת חַיִּים), and the man became a living soul” (Gen. 2:7). The miracle of creation means that God imparted his own neshimah (נְשִׁימָה), his own “breath,” to give life to the man, who was named “Adam.”

Note then that man was made in two distinct stages. First the LORD “formed” (יָצַר) his body (גוּף) from the “dust of the earth” (עָפָר מִן־הָאֲדָמָה), and then the LORD breathed (נָפַח) into this body a “soul” (נֶפֶשׁ ,נְשָׁמָה), that is, the consciousness that represents the self or the “I” that inhabits the body. This is sometimes called the “image of God” (צלם אלוהים), the “I am” of self-consciousness, the ability to reason and to make decisions, to discern intuitions of logic, to apprehend moral and aesthetic reality, to wonder and glory over the the beauty and greatness of the Divine Presence, and so on. The image of God means that man reflects (analogically) God’s very attributes and characteristics.

The Scriptures also refer to the soul of man as “ruach” (רוּחַ), generally meaning “breath” or wind (Psalm 78:39). The unity of the body and soul is called “nefesh chayah” (נֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה), a “living being.” The body serves as a “habitation” for the soul as it lives in this world, and the separation of this unity, that is physical death, causes the body to return to the dust, though the soul continues to exist (Psalm 90:3; Eccl. 12:7).

According to “kabbalistic” (i.e., neoplatonic) interpretations of Judaism, the individual soul goes through distinct stages in its “journey” emanating from God and then returning back to God. The first stage is nebulous “preexistence,” or the soul before it enters a body while being suspended in the “treasury of souls”(הָאוֹצָר); the second stage is physical life, when the soul “falls” into the body and where it is actuated, imprisoned and tested in human form. The soul then works to remove the barriers to spiritual life in this world, and upon death of the body is released to either to Paradise (heaven) or to Gehenna (hell), but finally, the soul will have a share in the “world to come” (olam haba) after the resurrection of the dead. In some forms of kabbalah the soul is reincarnated until it attains success in its mission that was given before it “fell” to the realm of this world (olam ha’zeh). The final vision of the world to come is unified into one world that is inhabited by God in all fullness.

It should be noted that such a kabbalistic vision is not biblical, though it includes some biblical truths…. Let’s therefore review Scripture to get an understanding of the human soul and its ultimate end. So we begin at the beginning, where Torah clearly states that God created Adam as a union of body and soul. First Adam’s body was formed from the dust of the earth, and then Adam’s soul was imparted when God breathed it into his body (Gen. 2:7). Note that Adam’s body apart from his soul is not alive, and it is only after the soul is imparted to the body that man is called “nefesh chayah,” a living creature. So at the outset of creation God made Adam “for life” and worship in the paradise of Eden. That was the original ideal.

Read more “Destiny of the Soul…”

The Miracle of Teshuvah…

Have you ever considered what the “self” really is? Most people tend to think of it, I suppose, as a conscious and emotional “center” of experience that is distinct from others and that has a sense of continuity through time and place. However, the self (or soul) has the ability to “transcend” itself, that is, to become conscious of itself, and this sets up an inner “dialog” within that enables the self to examine its own thinking, or to regard itself in relation to itself…. In this connection Soren Kierkegaard wrote of two types of “despair,” by which he meant a condition of being wrongly related to your self. First, you can despair by rejecting (or denying) the self, and second, you can despair by elevating and exalting your self. In the first case the self is “lost” or abandoned by various forms of escapism; in the second case, the self is “idolized” and given god-like prerogative; in either case, however, the self is in despair because it is not grounded in the truth of reality, since there can be no true “self” apart from relationship with God who is the ground of all being…

This is connected with the task of cheshbon ha’nefesh (חֶשְׁבּוֹן הַנֶּפֶשׁ), or taking account of ourselves to do teshuvah (i.e., repent). Note that Kierkegaard understood the experience of the “self” as a conscious “synthesis” of the infinite/finite, the temporal/eternal, and freedom/necessity, all in relationship to God, who is the Source and End of self-conscious life. We will exist in a state of “despair” when we attempt to deny any one of these paradoxes and thereby choose to understand ourselves apart from relationship with God. We all stand at the “crossroads” of the eternal and the temporal, and we can only know ourselves for what we are when we surrender to God for each irrepeatable choice of our lives. Because of this, teshuvah (or “repentance”) is an ongoing activity of the heart – the “daily bread” and sustenance in the way of becoming whole before God.

Read more “The Miracle of Teshuvah…”

The Narrator of Torah…

Since we will be reading the Torah again for another year soon, it is worthwhile to remind ourselves about how the Torah itself begins… In this connection we note that it speaks from an omniscient, “third person” perspective. When we read, “In the beginning, God (אֱלהִים) created the heavens and the earth,” we must ask who exactly is speaking? Who is the narrator of the Torah? The next verse states that the Spirit of God (רוּחַ אֱלהִים) was hovering over the face of the waters (Gen. 1:2), followed by the first “direct quote” of God Himself: i.e., יְהִי אוֹר: “Let there be light” (Gen. 1:3). The creative activity of Elohim (God) and the presence of Ruach Elohim (the Spirit of God) are therefore narrated by an omniscient Voice or “Word of God” (i.e., Davar Elohim: דְּבַר הָאֱלהִים).  Obviously the Spirit of God is God Himself, just as the Word of God is likewise God Himself, and therefore the first verses of the Torah reveal the glorious nature of the Godhead (i.e., hashilush HaKadosh: השילוש הקדוש). God is One in the sense of echdut, “unity,” “oneness,” and and so on, though not “one” in the monistic sense of a solipsistic mind (νοῦς). God is beyond all theological predications: there can be no sense of “person” apart from relationship, and therefore God’s Personhood entirely transcends all our finite conceptions – and yet God forever is One….

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Find God or Die…

“Choose life that you may live.. ” (Deut. 30:19). The most significant question God asks is whether you want to live or not. Albert Camus wrote, “There is but one truly serious philosophical problem, and that is suicide. Judging whether life is or is not worth living amounts to answering the fundamental question of philosophy” (Myth of Sisyphus, 1942). Camus’ comment is not at all original, since this is also the ultimate question of theology as well. Do you want to live? Will you believe? Will you choose life and turn away from self-destruction? The Spirit of the LORD calls out: “Choose life that you may live…”

 

Hebrew Lesson:

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Parashat Vayeilech Podcast…

In this “Shavuah Tov” audio broadcast I discuss both the Jewish High Holidays — and how they relate to us as followers of Yeshua the Messiah — as well as the weekly Torah portion we will read for Shabbat Shuvah, namely parashat Vayeilech. I hope you will find it helpful. L’Shanah Tovah u’Metukah b’Yeshua Meshicheinu, chaverim! – “to a good and sweet year in our Messiah Yeshua, friends.”

Read more “Parashat Vayeilech Podcast…”

Parashat Nitzavim Podcast…

Our Torah reading for this week, parashat Nitzavim (פרשת ניצבים), is always read on the Shabbat immediately before the solemn holiday of Rosh Hashanah, and therefore it is the last Torah portion read before the new Jewish year (see Exod. 23:16). In many synagogues, the opening and concluding paragraphs of parashat Nitzavim are also read during the Yom Kippur morning service.

Nitzavim begins: “You are standing here today, all of you, before the LORD your God (אַתֶּם נִצָּבִים הַיּוֹם כֻּלְּכֶם לִפְנֵי יְהוָה אֱלהֵיכֶם) … so that you may enter into the sworn covenant of the LORD your God, which the LORD your God is making with you today, that he may establish you today as his people, and that he may be your God, as he promised you, and as he swore to your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob” (Deut. 29:10-13). After this Moses went on to review Israel’s history and prophetic future — i.e., the great prophecy of the Diaspora and Return of the people — and then he solemnly appealed for all those who believed to turn to the LORD for life: “I call heaven and earth to witness against you today, that I have set before you life and death, blessing and curse. Therefore choose life, that you and your offspring may live” (Deut. 30:19).

 

In addition to an overview of the Torah reading, I discuss the fall holidays of the Torah’s calendar, particularly the significance of Rosh Hashanah for followers of Yeshua the Messiah.

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Podcast:

Made Captive to Hope…

God gives us special graces, especially in light of the passing of days, with thwarted hope, aching bones, and inner keening for lasting deliverance. This gift of despondency helps us to awaken and to reach out to find the Real, the True, the Eternal. Learn to wait; ask God for the wisdom of patience. Between acceptance and anxiety, always choose acceptance. Find hope while waiting…

Many people want healing apart from the cure. How many settle for half-measures? While you might find respite for your suffering in temporary measures, you cannot have lasting healing apart from the divine remedy…

An old Jewish prayer, uttered somewhat wistfully, begins, “O Lord, I know that Thou wilt help us; but wilt Thou help us before Thou wilt help us?” It’s not always easy to wait for God, especially when we are in pain or anxiety, but we must never, ever, give up; we must never ever, abandon our heart’s longing for ultimate healing. Faith excercises hope in the Reality, Substance, and Being (ὑπόστασις) of the Invisible and is made captive to undying hope (Heb. 11:1). Therefore the Spirit cries out: “Wait for the LORD; be strong and he will strengthen your heart; and (again) wait for the LORD” (Psalm 27:14).

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In this verse, the imperative verb translated “wait” is the Hebrew word kaveh (קַוֵּה), which might better be rendered as “look for with anticipation!” or “hope!” (the same root appears in the Hebrew word for hope, i.e., tikvah: תִּקְוָה). Therefore hope in the Lord and “chazak!” – be strong! (the Septuagint translates chazak as “andridzou” (ἀνδρίζου – act like a man!). Note that the verb ve’ametz is a causal active stem (i.e., Hiphal) in the “jussive mood,” which means it is imperative – “command your heart to be strengthened,” or “let your heart be made strong!” Make the decision to be strong in the LORD, and the LORD will give you strength to bear your present suffering: “Look to the LORD (קַוֵּה אֶל־יְהוָה) and find hope.”

When we put our hope in the LORD, strong in our conviction, we will be given courage to bear whatever may befall us – and this is help indeed during these perilous days! So “hope to the LORD (קַוֵּה אֶל־יְהוָה); be strong and strengthen your heart; and (again) hope to the LORD.” There can be no turning to God without genuine hope (תִּקְוָה). Indeed, as the Apostle Paul wrote: “We are saved by hope” (Rom. 8:24).

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Endurance and Healing…

You may sometimes struggle with your faith — not by questioning whether Yeshua is the Savior who died for your eternal healing, but in an hour of testing, when you feel exhausted by pain, when you pray for relief, seeking God in your cries and tears, but the pain continues, and then you are left rationalizing why you were denied your supplication, why your suffering has been prescribed — for surely, you believe, God can heal you by simply saying the word – and then you wonder to what extent you need to be broken in order to be fully remade… As C.S. Lewis once said, “We are not necessarily doubting that God will do the best for us; we are wondering how painful the best will turn out to be” (Letters of C.S. Lewis, 1964). There is a trust issue in suffering, and an intimacy that comes through its fires. As Kierkegaard reminds us, “It is one thing to conquer in the hardship, to overcome the hardship as one overcomes an enemy, while continuing in the idea that the hardship is one’s enemy; but it is more than conquering to believe that the hardship is one’s friend, that it is not the opposition but the road, is not what obstructs but what develops, is not what disheartens but ennobles” (Four Upbuilding Discourses, 1844).

Read more “Endurance and Healing…”

Parashat Ki Tavo Podcast…

In this audio podcast I discuss the the 40 day “Season of Teshuvah” or repentance leading up to the Jewish High Holidays as well as the weekly Torah portion, parashat Ki Tavo, which includes instructions for the people to ratify the Sinai covenant in the promised land by means of a special covenant renewal ceremony performed in the valley between Mount Ebal and Mount Gerazim. During this ceremony blessings for obedience and curses for disobedience would be declared, and Moses warned the people by providing a seemingly endless description of terrible consequences that would befall the Jewish people if they disobeyed the terms of the Sinai covenant (Deut. 28:15-68).

Read more “Parashat Ki Tavo Podcast…”